Sofield Digital, Company Profile

Sofield digital Solutions Sdn Bhd (SOFIELD Digital), Co. No. 862629D, formally known as Sarasutra Logistics Sdn Bhd is a 100% Bumiputra-owned partnership and was established on 30th. Jun 2009 with paid up capital of the United States of RM 100,000.00. The Company assumed its current name on December 2013 and shall commence its job operation in January 2014. The principal finish office address is at Lot 8, Grace Square 1, Pantai Sembulan Road, 88100 Kota Kinabalu, SABAH. Our merged Office is located at No. 189, Block E-11-4, Megan Avenue 1, Persiaran Hampshire, Off Jln. Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur.SHAREHOLDERS & BOARD OF DIRECTORSThe directors of the SOFIELD Digital are En. Saiful Redzuan bin Suhaili and En. Syahirul Fauzee bin Suhaili. The new additional director to be nominate is En. Syahirul Fazly bin Suhaili, he is in addition the COO of the company. DatoSuhaili Abdul Rahman is the study(ip) shareholder of Sofield Digital Solutions Sdn Bhd. Dato Suhaili also holds major ity shareholding in Sofield Marine & Offshore Sdn Bhd, a company actively involved in the provisioning of ship attention, ship broking and naval consultancy services.Dato Suhaili Abdul Rahman is a former Member of Parliament of Labuan and a former Chairman of Labuan Corporation. He holds a Bachelor of Science (Economics) University of London and a Master of line Administration (MBA) in selling Strategy, University of Hull , United Kingdom. All directors play active roles in managing the business.KEY MANAGEMENT TEAM (1) Chief Executive Officer Mr. Amran Abdul Rahman has been appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of Sofield Digital Solutions Sdn Bhd in December 2013. Amran has over 25 years of working experience in the tele communication theory field and is a member of theAsian Institute of Management (AIM). He started his career in 1981 in various industries, including finance & banking, petroleum, insurance, retail and government sector. In the telecommunications front, Amr an has managed the sales & marketing, business development, regional operations and supernumerary project of companies such as TM Touch, Celcom and KUB Telekomunikasi, Sector Solutions, Green Packet Berhad and ALTEL Communications Sdn Bhd.He began his career in ICT sector when he get together Giat Electronic Sdn Bhd (Local representative for Racal-USA) in 1987, then he joined Celcom in 1989, attached to Market Development Department and later assumed the role of Head of Marketing, Celcom Northern Region. He was seconded to Sabah in 1991 as the Regional Manager and was later promoted to familiar Manager for Celcom Sabah Region. It was during this time that the company was making its first headways into the east. He pioneered non only in the setting-up of the operations but also in helping transform Celcom to be the market leader in the region. His last position with Celcom was General Manager of Celcom Timur (Sabah) Sdn Bhd.In November 1999 he joined KUB Telekomunikasi Sdn Bhd., and successfullyspearheaded the training, development and implementation of the first GSM project in Mogadishu, Somalia. He was also responsible for the setting-up of the first broadband radio set internet access network and commercial service deployment in Malaysia under the brand name B-WISE (Broadband Wireless Internet Access Service).In May 2002 he joined AtlasONE Sdn Bhd as the Senior General Manager, Enterprise Business Group and later was appointed as the Senior General Manager/Acting VP, Sales & Marketing Division. His major achievements include the exclusivity arrangement with state governments & MCMC on the provisioning of broadband infrastructure and service deployment to Northern and Southern Regions under the Malaysian Broadband Plan. He was also actively involved in the Ministry Of Education/MCMCs Smart School Proof Of Concept exercise in Kelang Valley and participated in MCMCs USP Tendersfor the Setting-Up and operations of Community Broadband Centers. Amran hol ds a BBA (Hon)/ADBS, majoring in Marketing. (2) Chief Operating Officer Mr. Syahirul Fazly bin Suhaili holds a Bachelors Degree In Business Administration and has gained good business experiences in various fields Information applied science, Logistic and Oil & Gas. Mr. Syahirul Fazly will be appointed as the new director of the company.(3) frailty President, Technology & Corporate Affairs Mr. Abdul Karim Abdullah has been appointed as the VP Technology & Strategic Planning of Sofield Digital Solutions Sdn Bhd in January 2014. Karim has over 20 years of working experience in the telecommunications field. Abdul Karim Abdullah was erst Vice President Software Development with CELCOM Vice President Eastern Regional Operation with CELCOM and General Manager -Architecture & Planning, Information System Department with MAXIS. Vice President Technology & Strategic Planning with Sector Solutions Sdn Bhd (NSP, NFP & Norminated NFP).He was the pioneer in the establishment of CELCOM in 1989 and has gained vastexperiences in telecommunication during his tenure with both major players in the industry. Prior joining the telecommunication industry, he started with banking and finance industry namely with Bank Pembangunan Malaysia Berhad (formerly known) and Kewangan Usaha Bersatu Berhad. He has the exposure of working with established consulting firm namely Andersen Consulting and Ernst & Young and that gave him added advantage delivering quality deliver opens. He experienced entrepreneurship in 1998 afterMAXIS employment and has done extremely well and managed to secure a sustainable deals and contracts.2.0 ORGANIZATION CHARTInitial Set-Up to frequent the Business Model for the Provisioning of Digital Solutions & Applications Services. BOARD OF DIRECTORS & COUNCIL OF ADVISORS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CHIEF OPERATING OFFICERVP COMMERCIALVP CORPORATE AFFAIRSVP TECHNOLOGY & NETWORKMARKETING, CUSTOMER SERVICE & BUSS operations DEPTFINANCE, ADMIN & PROJECT MANAGEME NT DEPTNETWORK OPERATIONS & PARTNERS SUPPORTHEAD OF BUSINESS DEV & OPERATIONSHEAD OF PROJECT & ADMINHEAD OF NETWORK & ENG SERVICESB. O. OFFICER (1) SALES & MKTG OFFICER (1) CUST SERVICE OFFICER (1)F& ADMIN OFFICERS (2) PROJECT SUPERVISOR (1)Dept. Job ground 1. Sales & Marketing Operations a. Mktg & Sales Plann. & control b. Market Dev & Partners Mgmt c. Mktg & Sales SOPP & Policies d. Product & Svs Dev & Mgmt e. Marketing Communication 2. Marketing Promotions a. Marketing Awareness program b. sprightly Exhibition/Road show c. Presentation & Demo 3. Cust & bridle-path Serv. & Support a. Customer Care Operations b. Channel Performance audit c. Channel nurture and Dev. d. Channel Performance Report e. Channel Supp. Program f. CSS SOPP & Policies g. Cust& Channel AwarenessProgram i. Handling Enquiries/Tele Mktg 4. Help Desk & Telemarketing OperationsDept. Job Scope 1. Finance & Account a. Manage write up system b. Implementation of SOPP c. Daily account/Fin Operations d. Manage & monitor monetary transaction sales, collection, purchasing, claims, com accusations e. Budgeting & Costing f. Business & Partners audit g. Finance and accounts survey 2. Adminstration a. Office Admin & Human Resource b. Purchasing, logistic, insurance c. Manage asset, equipment, infra, CPE/MUE, VAS equip & accessories . 3. Supervise Partners (VAS & Apps) a. Suppliers for VAS & Apps b. Manage Installers/Contractors, Suppliers payments 4. Corp & Strategic PlanningTECHNICAL OFFICERS (3)Dept. Job Scope 1. meshing & Engineering Services a. Operations and maintenance b. meshwork optimization- coverage, Service & network performance c. interlocking Monitoring & ControlCenter 2. CPE/MUE/VAS Equip & Accessories a. Installation and Maintenance b. Channel Tech Support & Training, c Hardware configuration & Firmware management 3. Supervise Partners(Eng Svs) a. Installers b. Contractors3.0 VISION, MISSION, STRATEGY & VALUE VISION We want to be a valet de chambre class Digital Systems & So lutions Provider, through leverage Information and Communications Technology, to contribute our bits in Multi Super Corridor success and deliver Total Multimedia & Communications Solutions to our Customers for achieving strategical advantage, in turn derive to Business Success.MISSION To focus on our customers challenges and needs by providing excellent solutions and services in order to consistently create uttermost value for customers.OUR STRATEGY To leave alone innovative products and services to our customers to meet and exceed their expectations in the fast-changing market. To customize and deliver integrated solutions and services to maximize investment returns to our customers. To perpetually conduct R&D for improvement and invention of new technologies and solutions to stay ahead of the global competition. To recognize, develop and retain our most valuable human capital and to nurture a conducive environment for their success.OUR VALUE-Growing together with our Cust omers -Win-Win Mentality -Contributions and Return balancing -Continuous Rapid and Orderly improvement -Excellent Quality Information and Communication Technology Services4.0 NATURE OF BUSINESS Sofield Digital Solutions Sdn Bhd (SOFIELD Digital) provides & integrates a comprehensive range of Multimedia & Communications services, systems & technologies, including provisioning of systems equipments & accessories, solutions design, management and deployment relevant to customers business needs to recoil their costs and affix their competitiveness in todays global economy. Our strategic partnership with leading International ICT Consultants & Vendors, Contents & Applications Providers, Telcos, Celcos and Carriers Carrier allow us to leverage and position your business on an efficient and productive edge.In providing for better and competitive solutions for our clients and prospects, SOFIELD Digitals solutions product portfolio includes in-house customized products and solutions from m ajor multimedia & communications principals and providers.SOFIELD Digital overall strategy is to be the front-runner in the provisioning of ICT solutions on both Fixed & Wireless Technology Platform, and part of the strategy is to build a customers network that can gage current and other uses of tomorrow.SOFIELD Digital solutions would provide customer with immediate access to thestate-of-the-art technology that incorporates all the tools and techniques for monitoring, control and management of a network. The significance of this solution is that our customer will be able to set up its network with minimal upfront investment. This will greatly reduce customers risks and manpower in setting up and managing information communications network.SOFIELD Digitals management team & business partners possesses years of experiences in providing voice, data & video communications services, backed by strong network management and maintenance setup which consist of local & international exper tise. This means that our customers will be assured withhigh quality services, together with the consultancy on detailed planning and implementation of network, comprehensive daily network management, continuous support in optimizing the network availability and performance. In conclusion, being a total multimedia & communications solutions provider, SOFIELD Digital is committed and accountable to provide total integrated business solutions and end-to-end managed service and technical support. Our aim is to enrich life through innovative ICT solutions.5.0 PRODUCTS & SERVICES 5.1 FEATURED SERVICES We provide a broad range of ICT solutions & supports, including design, supply, management and deployment relevant to your business needs to reduce your costs, and increase your competitiveness in todays global economy. Our strategic partnerships with leading Multimedia & Communications solutions providers allow us to leverage our customer business through high quality services and solution s. ICT Consulting SOFIELD Digitals Consulting Services helps customers identify hidden value and create growth through business and technology innovation, while also enabling cost efficiencies that yield industry-leading business and ICT performance. Our thought leadership looks at the future to anticipate major market transitions and help customers prepare for them. ICT Technology & Infrastructure Development Utilizing the latest telecom technology platforms bundling with innovative applications & value added services to fullfil customers requirement on ICT Infrastructure for various initiatives i.e. GreenFields, Digital Oil Field, Digital Campus, Digital Communities, Smart metropolis/Township, Educity, Intelligent Building Concept and others. ICT Business Solutions Provisioning a. Voice, Data, & Video Fixed & Mobility. b. Corporate Access Leased quarterStraight Forward Internet Leased Line End to End Connectivity Solution Across Geographical Location with prescribed capacity. c. Machine To Machine (M2M), Focus on Key Products Fleet Management plus Management Telemetry & SCADA Security & Surveillance Tracking & Monitoring SIM Bonding & etc d. Fixed Wireless Business Office CallSaver & VirtuEXT e. Business Application PortaBiz on SAP Mobility lively Device Management f. Enterprise Messaging Enterprise Messaging Services (EMS) Enhanced Enterprise Messaging (EEM) ICT Adoption In Oil & Gas fabrication The Digital Oil Field The upstream oil and gas sector is currently facing a major challenge how to increase the production and the profitableness in spite of the volatility of the oil prices, the declining reserves and the remodeling of the industrys processes and regulations. Sofield strongly believes that the oil and gas companies can intensely leverage ICT in order to facilitate, enable and support most core functions including exploration and production. Custom Contents & Applications Development We design, develop and deploy custom built Contents & Ap plications specific to your business needs to reduce your costs and increase your competitiveness in todays global economy. Business Continuity and Recovery e-Business needs 247 availability. You can trust our ICT solutions to recover mission critical information and its related systems. communicateing We design your network infrastructure for deployment and ease of maintenance services in accordance to best industry practices.5.2 trunk INTEGRATION Sofield Digital Solutions Sdn Bhd is a full system integrator providing digital solutions for labyrinthian ICT systems as well as designing and developing standard & customized application software for various market segments/by industry Telecom, Energy, Government, FSI (Finance, Securities & Insurance), Oil & Gas, Manufacturing, Plantation/AgroTrade, Trade Logistics, Healthcare, Education (Digital Campus Solutions), Transportation and more.We work with our business & strategic partners to offer a full spectrum of services including s trategic consulting, communications and network services, system design and development, intranet & Internet business solutions & services, implementation and customer education. Internet/Intranet Services SOFIELD Digital performs complex Internet/intranet solutions and services. The emphasis is especially made on system and data security. We are strongly committed to Web application development and deployment allowing for the most impelling and up-to-date user orientedsolutions. The basic application functions include Web applications, Business Intelligence Systems, E-Commerce, Multimedia dynamic presentations etc. Implementation Implementation of protracted information system is a complex effort often involving significant changes in the clients organization. SOFIELD Digital has extensive experience in implementing large-scale systems. We utilize a proven implementation approach that has been successfully applied in numerous organizations. In successfully implementing complex ICT systems, extensive customer support is essential. SOFIELD Digital pays special attention to customer support throughout the development of the system and continues to provide support for the entire life span of the implemented system Communication and Network Services A key element of most large information system is communications. The field of communications has rapidly grown in number of options and their complexity. calculating and implementing networks is a complex activity that requires a high level of expertise and versatile hands-on experience. SOFIELDs experts successfully solve these problems as part of providing customers with effective solutions. Network services include network design (high level and detailed plans), internet/intranet functionality, and network implementation and testing. Customer Education SOFIELD provides extensive education and training to customers as part of the ICT solution. The education and training covers all users types (top management to da ta entry operators) and includes areas of system and application software, data base management systems, use of CASE tools,management systems (e.g. ERP, JIT) and network operation. The courses are held at the user site or at SOFIELD/Partners Media training center. 5.0SITE MAPSOFIELD web site (under construction) will consist of sise main menu. There are Services, System Integration, Contact Us, Sitemap, Company Profile and Achievement. Under System Integration includes Consulting, Implementation, Internet/Intranet Services, System Design and Development, Communications &Network Services and Customer Education.

Herbal supplements Essay

A survey conducted in the United States in 2002 revealed that approximately 38 million people were using herbal tea and dietary supplements, citing them as important for their health, yet only about one third of them had reported the usage of these herbal intersections to a satisfactory medical practitioner. Estimates from other(a) reports suggested that approximately 25% of those seeking medical treatment for serious medical conditions were overly using unconventional treatment which they r arly reported to their doctors. Herbal and dietary supplements discombobulate become readily available and behind be purchased in al around all retail outlets.This firebrands it easy for patients to use them without supervision from a qualified medical practitioner (Medscape Today, 2007). Most people tend to think that since herbs sport been obtained from nature, they ar automatically safe. But is this really the case? True, some of these products may be consumed without occasioning any harm to the body but some may contain contaminants that may lead to medical complications and even death. For this reason, it is important that the US Food and dose Administration regulate these herbal supplements for safety and efficacy (Finkel & Pray, 2004).Concerns arising from use of Herbal supplements The use of herbal and dietary supplements is not under regulation by the US Food and Drug administration. This is very riskinessous since it means that these products have not been tested for purity and potency yet they are being consumed by military man in large quantities every day (Medscape Today, 2007). Many plants are quite toxic depending on the climate as well as the condition of the obscenity where they were grown. The FDA warns that most of the herbal products which are tradeed have not been tested and do not contain any information on their toxic content.Thus, while most users may escape injury, there have been some isolated reports of some people dying or incurring grave injuries as a leave alone of using herbs (Finkel & Pray, 2004). Other than the natural toxicity which may be present in plants, it has also been reported that the preparation of these herbs is questionable. Medscape today reports that some of the prepared herbs have been found to actually contain prescription drugs and worse still, heavy metals. These products are never labeled as part of the ingredients and this poses a risk to those who consume them.The danger here lies not only in the fact that these contaminants may cause toxic poisoning to the patients but also in the fact that some patients are allergic to certain products and may consume them without knowing, thus endangering their lives (Medscape Today, 2007). Currently, the labeling of products from herbs is under the regulation of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act. Manufactures of herbal products are required to make general statements on the safety and efficacy of the product. This includes a compuls ory statement that disclaims the product from diagnosis, prevention or cure of any disease.Unfortunately, these labels have been designed to farm the use of the product but do not really give the consumer any concrete information on the nature and content of the product. If the FDA is mandated to regulate these products, they leave be able to place more necessary information such as side effects and contraindications so that the users know what to expect. This leave alone also give herbal products in the same category as prescription drugs which might probably make the users more inclined to report the usage of these products to their physicians (Medscape Today, 2007).Another upshot that raises concerns on the efficacy and safety of the herbal supplements is the fact that no testing or quality control is performed on them prior to being sold in the market. As such, a consumer cannot really be sure if the sup be ingredients that the manufacturer claims to be the contents are act ually there or if the product can actually perform the mend wonders that it is purported to. Other than the obvious rip-off, this issue presents concerns over the overall safety of the product (Finkel & Pray, 2004).In deed, the effects of no FDA regulation on herbal products have been seen in the ban on some of the herbal supplements such as those containing ephedra whose usage had resulted in unseemly effects on the cardiovascular system in patients. Another product, Kava, was also prohibited due to worries on hepatotoxicity (Medscape Today, 2007). It is rather unfortunate that the FDA can only act against the use of herbal supplements as they evaluate them case by case. In the event that a product has brought about serious injury, investigations will not occur unless there are many other similar reports.This is rather dangerous because by the time the FDA reacts many people could have been fixedly injured or killed as a result of using the product, a situation which could have be en easily avoided if the products had been suggested to quality control and analysis. Prevention is always better than cure and mandating the FDA to regulate herbal products will not only go a long way in improving the quality of these products but is also bound to save many lives (Finkel & Pray, 2004). depict supporting lack of Safety and Efficacy in Herbal ProductsThere are very many herbal supplements which are available in the market and which are purported to heal a variety of ailments ranging from the common cold to more serious illnesses such as cancer. Some have been successful in healing these ailments but there are those which have failed in achieving this goal. Other than the above mentioned herbal products, Ephedra and kava whose usage was banned due to the danger constitute to the users, there are other products which also exhibit the same concerns. Serious reactions to some herbal supplements purchased over the counter have also been recorded with permanent injuries and even death.A case study by Marks (2007), researches on the effects of Tricana which was sold as a herbal supplement to the user and had been hailed for promoting pricy effects to ones metabolism which included, loss of weight and the enhancement of energy. Mark focuses on a patient who developed dilated cardiomyopathy after ingesting this supplement, a potentially fatal condition. In deed, the use of this product did not promote the much hailed beneficial effects but instead caused insomnia, nervous conditions and diarrhea.The FDA withdrew Tricana from the market in the year 2000 as a result of these safety concerns (Marks, 2007). Other products include Chaparral which was purported to be a blood purifier as well as a cure for cancer and has also resulted in adverse reactions. It has caused very many cases of liver and kidney related conditions and actually left one patient in ingest of a liver transplant. Apparently the research on this product has found that the use of chapa rral has no benefit whatsoever on the body and pharmacist were advised to inform consumers against using this product (Finkel & Pray, 2004).These are just a few examples of the dangerous effects that over the counter herbal supplements have posed to their users. Thus, one cannot help but feel that some form of regulation by the FDA will have prevented such occurrences. Granted, some herbal products have a record of success. But it is precisely due to the other dangers posed by the other supplements that the US Food and Drug Administration should regulate the use of these products. remedy now, the reaction of the FDA is more reactive than proactive removing herbal supplements from the market only after they have occasioned some serious harm to the user. America cannot afford to have knee jerk reactions to matters that concern the safety of the public. Conclusion While we advocate for the FDA to regulate the use of these products so as to promote their safety and efficacy, it will al so be in order to engage in some form of public awareness so that the consumers can know ways in which to forbear for the safety of the herbal supplements.If they have to buy these products, they should be encouraged to purchase them from pharmacists who are more inclined to give them correct information on the product efficacy. Other sales agents are more inclined to make misleading statements on the product so as to make a quick sale. above all, it is essential for consumers to be encouraged to report the usage of any of these herbal supplements to their physicians especially if they are taking other medication to prevent any adverse reactions as some of these drugs may not interact well (Finkel & Pray, 2004).

Dennys Ethics Essay

Dennys is unmatched of the franchises owned by the Flagstar Corporation. The troubling finances of Flagstar caused their leaders to be so concerned on the numbers of their connection that they forgot about the anxiety of their employees and their actions. Even though corporate management rottert control all the actions of their employees they can help shape their actions through training and education in the workplace. Therefore the leadership of Flagstar failed and was unethical, as they did not properly address the riddles with racism that some of their employees had working for Dennys.They also didnt complete these tasks in a timely matter or even do enough to prevent them. These problems of racism, specifically with the employees relations with the customers act to keep piling up for Dennys management. This created even more than just financial problems for Dennys, but also a new public image that they were not fair to all races and were in the restaurant industry where cu stomer service plays a huge part in making money.Dennys had a problem with the way in which its employees dealt with serving its customers. They dealt with a federal lawsuit in California where they agreed to stop the alleged discriminatory treatment of black customers. (pg. 309) On the same day on the settlement another similar situation happened across the country in Maryland. However, these customers were secret service agents where fifteen white agents were served their nourishment in a timely manner and five black agents waited almost an hour before asking where their food was. The agents filed a lawsuit against Dennys, where it made issue headlines and caused uproar throughout the country. (pg. 309) Dennys now faced a huge problem as their public image was greatly declining and had a senior management that was completely unprepared to deal with the huge issue that the company faced.There is great competition in the fast food industry. Dennys tried to state themselves from others by putting emphasis on sit-down service and creating a welcoming atmosphere for its customers. (pg. 310) For a company to be accused of having employees that discriminate on customers based offof race does not help a company establish this type of atmosphere. Out of the whole Flagstar staff, thirty-six percent are minorities where twenty percent are black, which is twice the proportion of the U.S. population. (pg. 310) However, there are no senior black managers or nonage officers at Flagstar and there is only one minority-owned franchise. Flagstar doesnt have a problem employing minorities, but they do have a problem promoting them. This shows the failed leadership of Flagstar.There were some diversity experts that defended Flagstar such as Marilyn Loven, who said, Discrimination results from employees acting individually without the approval of management. (pg. 310) This might be true as leaders that have the right intention can be slash by low-level front line employees however it is the leaders that must spend a lot of time educating employees about discrimination. She also said that, No Company can eliminate racism. In the case of Dennys they had not one or two cases of discrimination but more than five in pretty short time period.Dennys would settle a case one-day and then the next day a new case of discrimination would start out up. Dennys and the Department of Justice worked out settlements where Dennys would reinforce polices of equal treatment to customers however it showed that those policies werent fully pushed by leadership. (Exhibit 1) This lack of leadership showed that the leadership was unethical in their handling of their employees and discrimination.The head of Flagstar, Jerome Richardson took some of the responsibility for the problems that Dennys faced. He said that dealing with finances blinded him to other aspects of running the corporation that he was in charge of. (pg. 311) However, a corporation needs to cover all aspects of the company besides its finances. Its unethical for a company to allow act discrimination and not push programs to educate employees on discrimination.The company was so focused on making money that they public image went in the drainage as the company did nothing to make sure their employees were educated and making a good name for the company. In the case of Dennys the lack of minority leadership showed corporate discrimination, which reflected on employees discriminating against the customers. This discrimination could happen anywhere but continued to happen at different locations all over the country for Dennys and reflects on the company itself. It also raises the question of the ethical practices of by the company and how the company responds to cases of discrimination in this case. The continued cases of discrimination by employees showed that the Dennys leadership was unethical as they did not cover all aspects of their corporation.

Hagia Sophia

In chapter twelve the remarkable church building known as The Hagia Sophia was discussed briefly and I find it fascinating. I original learned about the Hagia Sophia in my art history class in high school. I brook always been interested in the fact that it started as a basilica, was then a mosque and is now a museum that functions as both a mosque and a cathedral. I think that this amazing structure is proof that different religions can coexist and come together to create things that we all can cherish. Hagia Sophia is in Istanbul, turkey which was tell apart of the Byzantine Empire until it was conquered by the pouf Empire.It was originally built under the rule of Justinian to function as a church in 532 A. D. Justinian had material brought everyplace from all over his empire. Large stones were brought from far-away quarries porphyry from Egypt, green marble from Thessaly, black stone from the Bosporus region and yellow stone from Syria (The Annotated Mona Lisa). More than ten thousand mickle were employed during this construction. This new church was immediately recognized as a major work of architecture, showcasing the creative insights of the architects. Hagia Sophia is one of the greatest surviving examples of Byzantine architecture.The churchs decorated interior of mosaics and marble pillars and coverings is massive and takes ones breath away. The dome seems weightless as if held up by the unbroken row of 40 curve windows under it, which help flood the colorful interior with light. All interior surfaces are covered over with polychrome marbles, green and white with purple porphyry and gold mosaics, encrusted upon the brick. This covering hid the large pillars, giving them a brighter look. In 1453, the ottoman turks took over and the Sultan Mehmed II ordered the building to be converted into a mosque.The bells, altar, iconostasis, and sacrificial vessels were removed, and many of the original beautiful mosaics that Justinian put in were plastered o ver. The Islamic features such as the mihrab, the minbar, and the four minarets outside were added over the incline of the Ottomans rule. It was used as a mosque until 1935, when it was converted into a museum by the Republic of Turkey. For almost 500 years the Hagia Sophia served as a model for many of the Ottoman mosques such as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, the Sehzade Mosque, the Suleymaniye Mosque, and the Rustem Pasha Mosque. However the Hagia Sophia is still the most awe inspiring.I believe that if the ottomans had never converted the church or if the church hadnt been built under Justinian we wouldnt have the beautiful mix of architectural aspects that we have today. The fact that the church contains the beautiful gold inlayed mosaics of Justinian, the depictions of Christ, and the large medallions with the names of Muhammad and Islams first caliphs and that they all coexist beautifully is a perfect example of the harmony between the religions. People from all over the world f rom all backgrounds come to adore or just visit the beautiful structure.

Legal Aspects of Air Transportation

Legal Aspects of Air Transportation Kevinn A. Narvaez Y00285940 AWSC 3200 Air Transportation Prof. Ocasio Table of Contents IntroductionPage 3 main(prenominal) shewPage 4 ConclusionPage 6 ReferencesPage 7 Introduction Air Transportation is one of the fastest growing sectors of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, as such, it is payoff to an increasing legal requirements. Many legal requirements has to do with the financial side of the transport transportation business, specifically financial and documentation matters.These legal requirements are ordinarily decided via yearly ICAO and IATA meetings, but also via special conferences, such as the Chicago Conference and the Havana Conference, where major changes in international air transportation were made. In this project we will look at some of the different legal measures taken to ensure fair competition and standardize business practices in the international air transportation industry. We will also look at some of the inte rnational agreements regarding air transportation, and the effects that they suck in had on the industry. Main Essay International air transportation is an subject of a politically- dependent business. International agreements and disagreements affect were, how, when, and how frequently air carriers fly to international destinations. A clear example of this is the embargo against Cuba, flight of stepss from the united States to Cuba are extremely heavily regulated. In many other instances, politics have played an important role in find international air transportation policy, and as such, international air transportation, is in a constant state of flux.A tragic example of a flight that was caught in the bad side of international disputes was Korean Airlines Flight 007, which was shot down over the former Soviet Union during September of 1983, a bound during which relationships between East and West were at a straining point. Likewise, many laws affect the citizens of a particul ar nation, such as the Fly America Act, which obligates United States federal employees and their families to fly primarily on air carriers from the United States.This functions as a trade boon for American air carriers, virtually guaranteeing large revenues on international flights as well as domestic flights. 4 The Fly America Act was non the first legal action placed on international air transportation, we can go as far back the Chicago and Havana Conventions, and find evidence of legal actions imposed on air transportation. These legal actions are numerous, and include the social club Freedoms of the Air, and the Montreal Convention, which establishes legal boundaries and requirements for law suits involving air carriers and passengers.Of course, the legal effects of air transportation have an effect on the political economy of the business, when nations go to war, and declare blockades, airlines have to increase ticket prices to cover operational risks and other factors not p lanned for. With increased cost comes less reward, and eventually, the airline whitethorn have to shut down the route due to excessive costs. 5 Conclusion The legal aspects of air transportation are numerous, and their effects are not only far-reaching, but powerful in their scope. As such, many airliners are subject to their rule, and have had to adjust their operations to compensate for these legal bindings.As we have seen, the legal affects dont just encompass laws and trade agreements, but also international politics and disputes. More often than not, air carriers prefer to not operate in areas that have been involved in international conflicts, for the sake of the passengers and the aircrew. The future of air transportation law is highly unpredictable, with nations making and breaking agreements every day. However, this does not avoid the airline industry from adapting to the changing legal climate as it has done in the past.Hopefully, in the future more agreements like the Op en Skies act and the Nine Freedoms of the Air will cause the airline industry to flourish. 6 References Air Transportation Xunta de Galicia. Retrieved on 27/Nov/2009http//www. bygalicia. eu/en/keys_to_internationalisation/logistics_and_distribution/transport/air_transport/ International civilized Aviation, various, Retrieved on 27/Nov/2009 http//www. centennialofflight. gov/essay/Government_Role/Intl_Civil/POL19. htm Air Transport Law and Policy in the 1990s Controlling the Boom, Aberson, Emile Mendes de Leon, Pablo.Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1991 http//books. google. com. pr/books? id=yEvwGJnaZ-YC&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=legal+aspects+air+transport& showtime=bl&ots=QDO9UM67k4&sig=GjFZpfrImlsDED3UvuGuDUKHVZE&hl=en&ei=0nAWS4ecEs2ztgfMraj7BA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBIQ6AEwAjgyv=onepage&q=legal%20aspects%20air%20transport&f=false Korean Air Lines Flight 007, various, retrieved on 27/Nov/2009 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Korean_Air_Lines_Flight_007 Montreal Confere nce, ICAO. Retrieved on 28/Nov/2009 28/Nov. 2009http//www. jus. uio. no/lm/air. carriage. unification. convention. montreal. 1999/ 7

Case Study of Architect Winston Chu Kum Weng

THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM1.0IntroductionArchitect Winston Chu Kum Weng has a message of 12 nonagenarian ages of working experience in the architecture field. His first working experience was as an houseman in an established architecture company DP Architects. Subsequently, he worked at that place as a undertaking designer for 3 old ages after his graduation. Then, he decided to dispute and further research his life history way, which led him to macrocosm the distinguishr of SN Low & A Associates. This finding of his has led him to boom in the field of architecture. Despite of his immature age, he has manage to carry with umteen great accomplishments finished his plants, which were chiefly residential and commercial edifices, both locally and overseas such as Singapore, Vietnam and Abu Dhabi.The Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters index was one of Ar. Winston Chus earlier achievements which was completed in the twelvemonth 2009. Located in between the Pet aling Jaya residential and concern territory with a entire built-up land of 18,812 metre square, it consists of a warehouse thrust and an office block. The edifice sits on a level land next to the Naza World Auto Mall and it consists of sustainable characteristics which reflects Amways bank for a greener and eco-friendly milieus. Many of his theories were successfully incorporated into this peculiar edifice.This undertaking attempts to convey an apprehension of the architects architectural possibleness through a direct observation and analysis of his edifices. Using architecture as primary text, this undertaking claims that the population of signifier is non arbitrary but displays an internal system of logic that has the capacity to convey significance. Analytic illustrations are used to uncover the conceptual and experiential order of the architecture. In order to understand architecture, one must be cognizant of the conditions within which they are employed.2.0Analyzing Arch itecture2.1ClimateThe local clime has ever been the most influential facet in footings of architecture. It is hence apprehensible that constructing typologies found around the universe are ever really diverse from one another. Climate allows the designer to measure the resources of the direct even without the existent measurings of the site. In other words, the clime is a big change factor in modeling the architectural signifier of the edifice. The Sun subdivision allows designers to measure the handiness of the Sun through the Sun bridle-path Diagram. It helps the designer estimation the times of the twenty-four hours and twelvemonth in which the Sun will be available on a peculiar site so that proper consideration of shadowing devices and design options can be exhaustively explored. With careful consideration of the suns way, there would be advantages such as unemployed warming and natural daylighting. However, it may work against you by bring forthing blaze or overheating if non considered decently. ( Brown, 2011 )By puting the sun way diagram onto the site program of the Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters Office, it is shown that the peculiar secret plan of land is in such that the forepart and rear facade of the edifice would finally have the highest sum of exposure to sunlight because it would be confronting west and east severally whereas the North and south facade would have lower sum of sunshine as compared to it. In most fortunes, designers would prefer to orientate the edifice in a manner where the E and west facade would hold a smaller surface land so that it would cut down the sum of solar radiation received, take downing the overall thermal transportation value. Thus, cut downing the energy compulsory for tonal pattern-conditioning. However, that is largely non the instance because the facade of the edifice has to be in line with its neighboring context, confronting the bing chief route which is anyways the merely accessible manne r to the edifice itself. Therefore, the Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters Office is orientated in such that the E and West facade has a bigger surface verdant.Furthermore, all four lifts of the edifice consists of many floor to ceiling Windowss particularly the west lift despite the high sum of solar radiation as it is the front facade of the Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters Office. This was because of the desire of holding Windowss to let for natural daylighting and ocular connectivity as these sustainable characteristics reflects Amways desire for a more eco-friendly edifice. Hence, many gaps are uniformly primed(p) on every side of the edifice to guarantee that there would be sufficient natural lighting perforating through the edifice, advancing a inactive design eon cut downing the usage of unreal lighting.Despite the hapless determination in the edifice orientation and arrangement of gaps due to the site restrictions, careful considerations were make to get the better of the high sum of solar radiation received. Aluminum louvres were used as a facade intervention, render conditions protection and ocular showing, lending to the ocular result of the facade every bit good while maintaining the simpleness design attack of the edifice in head. Large sum of trees and bushs were besides put to shadow of the sunshine from straight perforating through the window gaps and soften the character of the edifice. It reflects the architects love for nature that was developed when he was dummy up a kid.Furthermore, there is the air current subdivision which allows designers to measure the way, velocity and frequence of air current in a peculiar location by month or twelvemonth through the Wind Rose Diagram. It helps the designer locate the place of the gaps so that it benefits from the predominating air currents. By puting the air current blush wine diagram on the site program of the Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters Office, it can be seen that the features of the prevailing air currents are rather similar from all waies. Hence, big sums of gaps were located on all four sides of the edifice to obtain the best result. Most of the gaps are operable Windowss that could be controlled by the user so the prevailing air current can be captured and brought into the edifice to advance natural airing, therefore cut downing the usage of unneeded air-conditioning.2.2Architecture Theory ModernismModernism in its broadest definition is advance(a) taught, character of pattern. It emerged in the early 20Thursdaycentury but was non popular until after the Second World War. Modernism was a response to the demand for the new and the different. Modern agencies being up to day of the month. What was modern yesterday, is authoritative for today and will be old, so antediluvian for all the tomorrows to come. Fascinated by the approaching engineerings of the production of steel, codswallop and concrete, people began to abstain from the u sage of decorations, rejecting what they saw and hold it as the adeptless shots. The plants of modernism were more trim and lyrical. ( Weston, 1996 ) Many facets of the modernist design still prevail in architecture today. As Mies van der Rohe would state, less is more. Through observation and analysis that was carried out, it can be determined that the Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters Office fits in with the architecture theory of modernism. This is due to the many similarities of the buildings features with the general features of modern architecture. This architecture theory is believe to be incorporated by Ar. Winston Chu due to his love of simpleness, practicality and elegance, which focuses on more geometric and how the experience of infinite is created by natural lighting, airing and the pick of stuffs. First, merely the use of simple and basic geometry can be seen end-to-end the full Amway ( Malaysia ) Sdn. Bhd. Headquarters Office, whether it is in footings of it s lift or floor program. Merely square and rectangle forms can be perceived. Jam Tschichold one time said that the reason and most pure signifier of a necessary point is ever constructed of geometric forms. Therefore, it visually stressing on the additive 90 grades perpendicular and horizontal lines. The Windowss, columns, beams, detonating device line are all portion of the structural elements that were used by the designer to help in making the additive divine infinite. Second, the changeless arrogate of a simple geometric is repeated to obtain a alone signifier. The Amway Headquarters is a alone component itself which is developed by the transmutation of clamorous units through alterations in size, constellation, orientation, coloring material and articulation of a basic geometry the square. Third, it focuses on the lucidity of signifiers. The edifice is stripped of all the unneeded cosmetic elements in order to showcase the architectural design. Merely the needed characteri stics are implemented into the design so that the focal point would be on the infinite be aftering itself alternatively of decorations which have no relevancy with the overall architecture. Fourthly, the programs of the Amway Headquarters Office are unfastened programs. The thought of an unfastened program is created through the flowing of infinites, accomplishing through the separation of columns where the thought of holding a room as a manner of forming the infinites is non considered. Fifth, the edifice follows the impression where signifier follows map. The designer expresses this thoughts by holding the site and map of the edifice dictate most of the design determinations. It is said that modernist architecture takes inspiration from the edifice itself, and aims to plan for each alone state of affairs to be inspired by its intent. Following, industrially produced stuffs such as steel, concrete and glass is loosely used throughout the edifice. Last, the designer makes usage of t he Windowss extensively to convey in natural daytime, particularly the floor to ceiling Windowss. Therefore, integrating the Windowss as portion of the buildings design.2.3User / ClientSite Layout The edifice layout of Amway Headquarters is in such that the office block and warehouse block is separated, merely linked by a span on the first floor to supply permeableness. This is the lymph nodes use of supplying a clean and unagitated environment for the users and visitants, off from the production noise at the warehouse block. It excessively gives a sense of spacial organisation, districting the private and unexclusive infinites with mention to the degree of noise produced. The lading bay is set(p) behind on the first floor of the warehouse block, accessible through a incline. The clients purpose was to put the loading country off from where users could hold ocular connexion, as the position isnt really delighting. The storage, bringing and packing country are all placed on the sa me floor so the on the job efficiency would be good. Spatial Layout Public installations were all placed on the land floor of the office block. Office and IT sections are placed on the floors above. The clients purpose was to supply a convenient aid for all the users. There is a gallery to showcase Amways merchandise and a mini market right next to it that sells their merchandise. Detail of Entrance The admittance of the Amway Headquarters is a dual storey high construction which uses merely basic geometry the square. The chief entryway is a larger construction while the posterior entryway is a extra of it in a somewhat smaller graduated table. The clients purpose was to supply an entryway which gives the users a sense of acquaintance, stripped off all the fanciness to be projected as welcoming, ask foring users to near without vacillation. Landscape as Buffer Zone Plenty of verdures are planted around the edifice to supply noise suspension and effectual ocular barrier between t he office block and warehouse block. This is the clients purpose to continue the ocular and environment character of the office block which would pull and promote users of their merchandise. It besides reflects Amways desire for Eco-Friendly milieus. This was because of the clients desire of holding big sums of trees around the site and windows to let for natural daylighting and ocular connectivity as these sustainable characteristics reflects Amways desire for a greener and more eco-friendly milieus. Hence, many gaps are uniformly located on every side of the edifice to guarantee that there would be sufficient natural lighting perforating through the edifice, advancing a inactive design while cut downing the usage of unreal lighting.3.0Decision Need to discourse the designer s theory based on your apprehension of ego and the 3 FACTORS . Your account have to capture the first portion of the undertaking and the analysis take note that this is your ain theory of the designer s a rchitecture. interest make non mention to the designer s statement or declaration of his/her theory. Conclude by seting in the DIAGRAM ( from undertaking brief ) to sum up your theory on the designer.4.0MentionsBrown, G. Z. ( 2011 ) .Sun Wind & A Light Architectural Design Strategies( 2neodymiumed. ) .New Jersey Wiley. Chu, W. ( 2014, April 4 ) . Personal Interview. Chu, W. ( 2014, April 5 ) . Email Interview. Weston, R. ( 1996 ) .Modernism. New York Phaidon.5.0Appendix

Investigation to Find the Water Potential of Potato and Carrot Tubers

An investigation to find the water potential of white potato and carrot genus Tubers in a sucrose solution, of preoccupancy 0. 00 0. 50Mol, over a 24 hour period Interpretation Written Communication C1 From our graph it can be seen that the parsimoniousness of sucrose solution is 0. 18 M at 0% qualify in mass for the potato and 0. 355 M at 0% modify in mass for the carrot. I will use these determine to find the solute potential by using the calibration graph. I will work out the water potential by using the equation, ? =? s +? p ( irrigate Potential = Solute Potential + Pressure Potential). The ? s of the potato at 0% change in mass is -500 kPa and the ? of the carrot at 0% change in mass is -1000 kPa. Through the use of our equation, the water potential of the potato and carrot are -500 kPa and -1000 kPa (respectfully) as in this case the solute potential equals the water potential as in that location is no pressure potential as the solution is open and it isnt under a me mbrane so it is not under pressure. The Water Potential (? ) of the solution is equal to the ? of the tuber as there is no pressure potential. C2 and C3 As the concentration of the sucrose solution increases, the average percentage change in mass decreases in the potato tubers and this is the same as in the carrot tubers.At low concentrations of sucrose solutions (0. 1 M) the mass of the carrot and potato tubers increases collectable(p) to water moving into the protoplast of the cell from the sucrose solution by osmosis and at high concentrations of sucrose solutions (0. 5 M) the mass of the carrot and potato tubers decreases due to water moving out of the protoplast of the cell to the sucrose solution by osmosis. At certain concentrations (0. 18 M of the potato and 0. 355 M for the carrot) the potato and carrot tubers dont change in mass due to the water potential inside the cells equ anying the water potential of the sucrose solution.My graph displays a distinct negative correla tion the high the concentration of sucrose solution, the larger the difference between the mass over the 24 hour period becomes, and the small the mass gets. Osmosis is the effect of water from a high water potential to a low water potential across a semi-permeable membrane. C4 and C5 Osmosis is the net movement of water particles from areas of high water potential to areas of lower water potential across a semi-permeable membrane, such as the cell membrane.This can also be described as moving down a concentration gradient. The water potential of a substance measures the occur of free energy that is available in an aqueous solution to cause the migration of water molecules during osmosis. The symbol for water potential is ? and is measured in kPa (kilo-pascals). The water potential of pure water is zero, as all the particles are free this means that all particles contain energizing energy and are under attractive forces, so they in constant random movement. In relation to my t akingss, at concentration 0. 8M for the potato and 0. 355M for the carrot, there is an osmotic balance between the potato and carrot cells and sucrose solution the water potentials are equal. This is also known as an isotonic solution where equilibrium is r individuallyed between the rates of osmosis in and out of a solution. Above this value, the solution becomes hypertonic (having a high(prenominal) solute concentration than the potato and carrot), while below this value, the sucrose solution becomes hypotonic (having a lower solute concentration than the potato and carrot).A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, while a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution. An isotonic solution has an identical concentration of solutes as another solution. These can also be described as having a lower, identical, and higher osmotic pressure, respectfully, than another solution. I noticed that the hypertonic potato and carrot had become soft and lost all of its structural integrity, and was generally flaccid.This became more noticeable as the concentration of the sucrose solution increased and the percentage change in mass gets more negative. Evaluation D1 I consider my results to be appropriate in meeting the aims of this investigation as we measured the change in mass of the potato as opposed to measuring the change in length as it will give an indication of the amount of water entree the potato and carrot due to osmosis. All measurements were made to two decimal places meaning the level of accuracy is very high and that the scales used could detect stock-still the slightest changes in mass. D2In order to try to obtain accurate results a number of procedures had to be carried out Firstly, we covered the top of each test tube with stay film to reduce the amount of water evaporating from the sucrose solution. If water were to evaporate from the solution, it would mean tha t the solution would become more concentrated and this seriously affect the amount of water entering the potato and carrot as the water potential in the external solution would be drastically lower than that of the potato and carrot cells. Secondly, we used the same volume of sucrose solution in each test tube.If the quantities of each solution were not equal, instead of getting the desired concentration of sucrose solution, a slightly different concentrated solution would be produced. This will affect the potato and carrot by exposing it to a different concentration of sucrose solution, therefore giving us a different result to the one expected. This happens as osmosis occurs because of the energising energy found in the water molecules. The kinetic energy causes the particles to vibrate and move randomly moving around the area in which they are held. The random movement causes the particles to distribute randomly around the area.The higher concentrated solution has more particl es that can move across the membrane compared to the lower, producing a net movement down the concentration gradient. Thirdly, we tried to maintain the temperature by keeping the test tubes in a regulated room. If the temperature were to increase it would cause the kinetic energy of the sucrose solution increase and if the temperature were to decrease it would cause the kinetic energy of the sucrose solution to decrease. I also tried to ensure that each tuber was dried in the same way, but this proved to be very difficult.It was important to only remove the solution from the surface because we did not want to remove any water from the cells which would affect the mass of the tubers. Lastly, each tuber was sourced from the same potato or carrot as every potato and carrot have a different composition of starch and sucrose which would shorten the solute potential of the potato and carrot and this has an effect on the amount of water that enters or leaves the tubers by osmosis. D3 A lthough the experiment was as fair as it could have been, there were whatsoever factors that were beyond our control.Firstly, the tubers that we used may not have been from the same specimen, although the specimen may have been from the same bag they could be biologically different. Secondly, there could have been some skin left on the tubers which could have affected the rate at which the water entered the tubers due to osmosis. Thirdly, when we were weighing the tubers we had to handle them which could have extracted some water from the tubers, this would alter the true weight of the tubers after 24 hours and therefore alter the results of the experiment.D4 and D5 My experiment is reliable as it was repeated six times in the form of the pooled class result. However, there were a few anomalies among the group results e. g. some groups have higher or lower results than the others this would cause the average class result to be lower or higher depending on the value of the anomaly. This could be as simple as the use of different potatoes and carrots being used for each group or any of the reasons mentioned in D3.